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Henry (VII) (1211 – 12 February ? 1242) was King of Sicily from 1212 until 1217, Duke of Swabia from 1216, and King of Germany (formally ''Rex Romanorum'') from 1220 until 1235. He was the son and co-king of Emperor Frederick II and elder brother of Conrad IV of Germany. He was the seventh Henry to rule Germany, but in order to avoid confusion with Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor, he is usually numbered Henry (VII).〔David Abulafia, ''Frederick II: A Medieval Emperor'', (Oxford University Press, 1992), 229.〕 ==Under custody== Henry was the only son of Frederick II and his first wife, Constance of Aragon.〔Steven Runciman, ''The Sicilian Vespers'', (Cambridge University Press, 2000), 26.〕 His maternal grandparents were Alfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile. He was born in 1211 in Sicily. When Frederick sought the crown of Germany, he had his son crowned King of Sicily in March 1212,〔''Welfs, Hohenstaufen and Habsburgs'', Michael Toch, The New Cambridge Medieval History:c.1198-c.1300, Vol. 5, ed. David Abulafia, Rosamond McKitterick, (Cambridge University Press, 1999), 381.〕 since an agreement between Frederick and the Pope stated that the kingdoms of Germany and Sicily should not be united under one ruler. For this, the regency of the Kingdom went to his mother and not to his father. However, after the death of the Pope in 1216, Frederick called his son to Germany and again assumed the title of King of Sicily in 1217. Henry's mother remained as regent in Sicily, now on behalf of her husband, until 1220. In Germany, Frederick II entrusted him with the Duchy of Swabia.〔'' Welfs, Hohenstaufen and Habsburgs'', Michael Toch, 384.〕 After the end of the Zähringen line in 1219 Henry also received the title of ''Rector of Burgundy'',〔 though that title disappeared again when Henry was elected king. On 20/26 April 1220, the German princes assembled at Frankfurt-am-Main elected him King, for which the Emperor issued ''Confoederatio cum principibus ecclesiasticis'', favoring the lords spiritual.〔 The election had been a condition to Frederick II redeeming his Crusade promises of 1215, because the succession question, in case of the emperor's death on the crusade, was clarified by them. However, Pope Honorius III did not recognize the election and also deprived him of his rights over the Sicilian Kingdom, because he (just as his predecessor) wanted to prevent the union of both countries. Also numerous German princes had rejected the election in the first moment. After Frederick II returned to Italy in 1220, Henry was placed under the tutelage of Archbishop Engelbert I of Cologne,〔 who crowned him as German King on May 8, 1222, in Aachen. Despite the fact that Henry was formally betrothed to Agnes of Bohemia,〔'' Welfs, Hohenstaufen and Habsburgs'', Michael Toch, 385.〕 Engelbert planned his marriage with one of the daughters of the King John of England; however, this union never took place. After Engelbert's death in 1225, Louis I, Duke of Bavaria, took over the guardianship. The young King was mostly in the care of imperial Ministerialis. They also acted as administrators over his Duchy of Swabia. In the meanwhile, the betrothal between Henry and the Bohemian princess was cancelled. In Nürnberg on 29 November 1225, by order of his father, Henry married a woman seven years older than he was, Margaret, the daughter of Duke Leopold VI of Austria.〔 Sixteen months later, on 23 March 1227, she was crowned German Queen in Aachen. This union produced two sons, Henry and Frederick. Henry seems to have been a lively, cultured ruler and kept many ''Minnesänger'' at his court. It is possible he wrote some ''Minnelieder'' (courtly love poetry) himself. He was physically robust, although lame, and about 1.66 m (5' 4½") tall. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henry (VII) of Germany」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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